Early+Cold+War

**Copy this page onto a new page in your online notebook. To get an overview of the origins of the Cold War, begin by reading [|Allies to Enemies: Origins of the Cold War] from ABC-CLIO.** **Use pages 794-799 in //Creating America// and** **[|“The Cold War” research list on ABC-CLIO]** **to** **develop a complete description** **for each event or idea from the early years of the Cold War.** **This information will help set the stage for tomorrow's activity. Use the first entry as an example for detail.**


 * **THE YALTA CONFERENCE**
 * Meeting near the end of WWII - big 3 meet to discuss post war Europe
 * Germany will be divided, controlled by the Allies
 * Liberated Eastern European countries will have new elections
 * United Nations will be formed
 * USSR is given great influence over Eastern Europe, and new government must be "Soviet freindly"
 * the roots of the Cold War are established || [[image:turningpoints2010:yalta.jpg width="299" height="227" align="center" caption="yalta.jpg"]] ||
 * [[image:turningpoints2010:un.gif align="center" caption="un.gif"]] || **THE UNITED NATIONS**


 * lots of arguing and debate in the UN
 * shoe temper tantrum- Soviet leader
 * in order to keep international peace
 * five permanent members: China, Russia
 * US, GB, France on one side
 * Churchill said the "iron curtain"


 * **CONTAINMENT**
 * **CONTAINMENT**


 * the containment plan
 * stop the spread of communism
 * use the military, and other ways, to contain communism
 * George Kenean
 * || [[image:turningpoints2010:kennan.jpg width="281" height="218" align="center" caption="George Kenean"]] ||  ||
 * George Kenean ||  ||
 * [[image:turningpoints2010:truman.jpg align="center" caption="truman.jpg"]] || **THE TRUMAN DOCTRINE**


 * doctrine that promised help to people that were stuggling to resist threats to democaratic freedom
 * the US wants to help Turkey and Greece so that they don't fall to communism
 * communist infiltrating the country
 * throw money at Turkey and Greece so that communism won't be so attractive ||
 * **THE MARSHALL PLAN**


 * Secretary of State- George C. Marshall
 * gave $13 billion to help western and southern Europe
 * to help them rebuild
 * we find ourselves in a place of responsibility because we have power
 * with great power comes great responsibility
 * the US has become a superpower, Spiderman
 * || [[image:turningpoints2010:marshall.jpg align="center" caption="marshall.jpg"]] ||
 * [[image:turningpoints2010:airlift.jpg width="344" height="261" align="center" caption="airlift.jpg"]] || **THE BERLIN BLOCKADE AND AIRLIFT**


 * The western European countries wanted to combine their German "empires"
 * Stalin blocked access to Berlin
 * Truman ordered a huge airlift of supplies for the city
 * this went on for about a year
 * east Berlin tries to blockade west Berlin
 * the US lands food and supplies, breaks the blockade
 * the Cold War is heating up
 * Berlin Wall- 1961
 * **NATO AND THE WARSAW PACT**
 * **NATO AND THE WARSAW PACT**


 * NATO was formed after panic about communist control of eastern Europe
 * North Atlantic Treaty Organization
 * included USA, Canada, and 10 western European countries
 * to respond to NATO, Soviet Union and eastern Europe formed the Warsaw Pact
 * NATO said that if one nation was attacked, they would treat it as though they themselves were attacked.
 * divide between us and them
 * || [[image:turningpoints2010:nato.png width="241" height="286" align="center" caption="nato.png"]] ||
 * [[image:turningpoints2010:19471023_Reagan_HUAC.jpg width="262" height="229" align="center" caption="19471023_Reagan_HUAC.jpg"]] || **THE RED SCARE, THE ROSENBERGS, AND HUAC**

most populated country in the world infiltrated by communism the next year, find out Russia has the bomb
 * HUAC- House Un-American Activities Committee
 * blacklists of those thought to be communists
 * lists in the entertainment business, the media
 * the Red Scare was the fear that Americans had of Communism taking over in the United States
 * the Rosenbergs, Ethel and Julius Rosenberg
 * only civilians to be executed for spying
 * arrested for espionage and passing information to the Soviet Union
 * **COMMUNISM IN CHINA** * China saw UN moving into North Korea as a threat
 * **COMMUNISM IN CHINA** * China saw UN moving into North Korea as a threat
 * || [[image:turningpoints2010:PRCFounding.jpg align="center" caption="PRCFounding.jpg"]] ||
 * [[image:turningpoints2010:korean67.gif width="221" height="225" align="center" caption="korean67.gif"]] || **THE KOREAN WAR

No need to take notes - you will have a different assignment and activity** ||
 * **MCCARTHYISM**

|| ||
 * Republican senator from Wisconsin
 * had a blacklist of State Department officials who supposedly belonged to the Communist Party
 * damaged the career of thousands of people by accusing them of being Communists
 * McCarthyism- "reckless charges against innocent citizens"
 * [[image:turningpoints2010:1sputnik.jpg width="201" height="225" align="center" caption="1sputnik.jpg"]] || **THE SPACE RACE**


 * Soviet Union launched Sputnik into Earth's orbit in 1957
 * Sputnik gave the Soviets the power to missile the US
 * Americans tried to catch up with the Soviets, billion dollar spending in the US ||